Intervención cognitivo-conductual en adolescente con síndrome de intestino irritable

Isabel María Morales Ramos

doi:10.14198/DCN.30748

Autores/as

Isabel María Morales Ramos Psicóloga, España https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8518-5106

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/DCN.30748

Palabras clave:

Adolescencia, Ansiedad, Calidad de vida, Depresión, Intervención psicológica

Resumen

El síndrome de intestino irritable es uno de los trastornos funcionales del eje intestino-cerebro más prevalentes. Caracterizado por dolor abdominal recurrente y alteraciones en los hábitos intestinales, supone una carga clínica, psicológica y económica considerable. La literatura científica incide en el abordaje integral, reconociendo la influencia de factores biopsicosociales tanto en su aparición como mantenimiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la aplicación de una intervención cognitivo-conductual en el caso de una adolescente diagnosticada de síndrome de intestino irritable con sintomatología de ansiedad y depresión y una afectación significativa de su calidad de vida, para corroborar la eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-conductual en la mejora de dicha sintomatología. El tratamiento aplicado se basó en la combinación de distintos componentes de terapia cognitivo-conductual: exposición progresiva, reestructuración cognitiva, activación conductual y entrenamiento en habilidades de afrontamiento. Aunque los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en el malestar emocional y el bienestar general subjetivo (ICF = 2.06), se considera oportuno incluir seguimientos periódicos para el mantenimiento de los cambios.

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