Ecogothic Interpretations of the Anthropocene

Mark Horvath

doi:10.14198/pangeas.27523

Autores/as

Mark Horvath Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Hungría https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9162-936X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/pangeas.27523

Palabras clave:

antropoceno, ecología oscura, ecogótico, posthumanismo

Resumen

El llamado "giro no-humano" está desempeñando un papel importante en las elaboraciones teóricas del Antropoceno. Esta amplia tendencia de pensamiento incorpora escuelas de pensamiento contemporáneas no antropocéntricas como la Teoría del Actor-Red (TAN), la Ontología Orientada a Objetos (OOO) y el posthumanismo. Estas orientaciones sociológicas y filosóficas diversas tienen algo en común: el rechazo y la superación del antropocentrismo, así como una nueva sensibilidad hacia la naturaleza heterogénea, irreductible y múltiple de la realidad. La apertura al posantropocentrismo es una característica general de los autores que trabajan hoy en la teoría del Antropoceno. Sin embargo, la filosofía posthumanista, al tiempo que descentra y deconstruye lo humano, también apuesta por una estética de la incertidumbre, el miedo e incluso el horror. Simon C. Estok, en su importantísimo artículo «Theorising the EcoGothic», muestra que durante la crisis ecológica el pensamiento filosófico debe atravesar terrenos desconocidos, al tiempo que debe hacer hincapié en los aspectos más oscuros de las construcciones socioculturales. El posthumanismo debe, por su propia naturaleza, prepararse para lo impensable en un sentido casi literal, según Stefan Herbrechter. El Antropoceno constituye una apertura a lo que Nick Land denomina «Outsideness». Una condición futura «después» de lo humano puede entenderse como una condición que se abre a un futuro oscuro, monstruoso, amenazador o, en una palabra, híbrido más allá de cualquier medida antrópica.

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